Senin, 01 November 2010

BIOFUEL

Aston Lloyd Bio-Commodities Ltd
Aston Lloyd Bio-Commodities Ltd is a subsidiary of Aston Lloyd Holdings Plc, a leading global investment company, specialising in innovative new projects in rapidly growing international markets and commodities.
Situated in the heart of the financial district of London, and led by a team of professionals with over 30 years of experience, Aston Lloyd is leading the way in high capital growth investment abroad.
With a large portfolio of exciting projects in countries such as Bulgaria, Turkey, Slovakia, Northern Cyprus and Ukraine; Aston Lloyd now has more than €70 million worth of developments under management, from agricultural land to alternative hotel investments.
After noticing the global boom in biofuels, and the rapidly growing energy needs of the world population, Aston Lloyd is proud to present to the market another groundbreaking project. We are able to offer investors the opportunity to make strong returns in the alternative energy sector whilst developing biofuels, and helping to halt climate change, through jatropha oil investment in Indonesia.
Why Biofuels?
Biofuels are nature’s way of producing clean burning energy and therefore present a profitable investment opportunity for Aston Lloyd’s clients. Biofuel prices are increasing, reasons for this include:
• Climate change – We can no longer afford the increasing amount of carbon emissions from fossil fuels, which hiked by 41% between 1990 and 2008 (The Independent, November 2009)
• Growing energy consumption – The world population will reach 9 billion by 2045, meaning soaring demand for energy, as developing countries consume more as they grow (US Census Bureau, February 2010)
• Oil crisis – There is an incoming “oil crunch” within five years, with the potential to be more serious than the credit crisis, making the search for sustainable fuel urgent (Sir Richard Branson, Virgin group, The Telegraph, February 2010)
Biofuels have long been considered an environmentally sound and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels such as oil and gas.
The majority of governments worldwide are highly supportive of biofuels, with the UK government claiming that they reduce carbon emissions by 50%-60% compared to fossil fuels (Daily Telegraph, July 2008). In fact, biofuel production in OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries is currently supported by US$13 billion to US$15billion per year (OECD/ITF, 2008).
In recent years, there has been government-legislated use of biofuels around the world boosting demand. In the UK, 5% of all fuel has to come from renewable sources by 2011 (Renewable Transport Fuels Obligation Order, 2009); while the EU-wide transport sector has to source 10% of its energy needs from renewable energy by 2020 (Euractiv, 2009). Biofuel production in the US is also planned to reach 36 billion gallons a year by 2022 (Reuters, February 2010).
From this demand, Aston Lloyd has identified a biofuel that may be the key to the future of global energy – jatropha oil.

Biofuel power prices (price /barrel in US$)$305
Cellulose$125
Wheat$125
Rapeseed$122
Soybean$83
Corn$45
Sugar cane$43
Jatropha*$79
Oil price* Average cost of producing jatropha oil
Goldman Sachs, Wall Street Journal; Oil Price.net, March 2010

What is Jatropha?
For many years farmers didn’t care about it, a drought-resistant inedible wild green shrub which grows almost anywhere, even on gravelly or sandy soils. It was mostly used as a hedge to keep livestock contained. But the seeds from jatropha’s fruit have been found to contain a liquid, which can be made into biodiesel and sold as a renewable energy. Back in 2007, Goldman Sachs cited jatropha as one of the best candidates for future biodiesel production, and since then it has soared from strength to strength. The market price is linked to Brent oil. For example, if Brent oil is trading at US$80 per barrel, jatropha will be trading at over US$700 per metric tonne.
Each jatropha seed contains approximately 25%-35% crude jatropha oil, which under further processing can be transformed into commercial biodiesel. On average 1 hectare of jatropha trees produces in excess of 2 metric tonnes of crude jatropha oil; this is among the highest of all tree-borne oil seeds.
Jatropha’s potential to help halt the effects of climate change are vast, reducing 66-68% of the greenhouse gas emissions compared with fossil diesel (EcoFYS, GHG Performance of Jatropha Biodiesel, June 2008).
Most biofuels are the subject of a number of concerns. Vital agricultural land is often being used for growing fuel rather than food, restricting the amount of land use and crops which can feed a growing population. But not jatropha. Because jatropha is inedible, it is not diverting food crops. And because it grows almost anywhere, even on land unsuitable for food crops, it is not offsetting any agricultural land.
Institutional investors and countries are recognising the potential of jatropha. India has put huge efforts into cultivation, setting aside 100 million hectares, expecting the oil to account for 20% of its diesel consumption by 2011 (Time Magazine, 2009). But the country considered a potential jatropha superpower is Indonesia, which is incorporating jatropha into its biofuels plan.
Aston Lloyd now offers the opportunity to enjoy returns from this green energy boom, through jatropha in Indonesia.
Investment snapshot
 Aston Lloyd is offering investors access to jatropha-producing plantations in Java, Indonesia
 Sold per hectare with approximately 1,600 seedlings and branch cuttings for €1,200
 A payment of €900 per hectare of land will be due in Q4 2010 for plantation of the jatropha cuttings
 Once crop pruning commences, a one-off fee of €500 per hectare of land will be due in Q4 2011
 Investors receive full certificate of land entitlement for 30 years
 Experienced farm management company Waterland International ‘on the ground’ to oversee operations, and to improve productivity and yields for investors.
Who else believes in jatropha?
 Air New Zealand has announced that it expects to use at least one million barrels of sustainable biofuel annually by 2013, after a successful two-hour test flight with a jatropha powered Boeing 747
 Mother Earth Plantations, a Singapore-based company, has invested a phenomenal US$100 million into jatropha plantations in Indonesia
 NASA, who in February 2010 launched the Space Shuttle Endeavour with jatropha biodiesel on board, to carry out experiments on the fuel
 The China National Offshore Oil Corporation, China’s largest offshore oil and gas producer has begun its first government-run project to produce 150,000 tonnes of jatropha biodiesel every year
 The UN includes jatropha projects in its Clean Development Mechanism, a system to earn saleable ‘credits’ through accredited projects which help mitigate climate change. Reuters; Business Green; Jatropha HQ; Biofuels Digest; NASA

Why Indonesia?
Boasting the largest economy in Southeast Asia, Indonesia has enjoyed outstanding economic growth that is projected to reach 7% in 2011, after growing by 4% in 2009 even amid the global economic crisis (IMF, 2010). 44.3% of its 95 million labour force work in the agricultural sector with experienced workers in biofuel crop production, making Indonesia an ideal place for Aston Lloyd’s green energy project (UNFAO, 2009).
Currently the world’s largest producer of crude palm oil, Indonesia has the capacity to produce 2.9 million kiloliters of biodiesel per year along with a massive budget of US$22 billion for the promotion of alternative fuels (Biopact, Mongabay.com, 2007).
As jatropha requires significantly less water than oil palms, there has been a surge in jatropha plantations in the region (GEXSI, Global Market Study on Jatropha, May 2008).
The Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board is targeting a 10% to 15% increase in investments in 2010, from US$13 billion to US$14 billion in 2009 (Channel News Asia, Indonesia Investment Coordinating Board, January 2010).
The climate is perfect for jatropha, with Dutch Professor H J Heeres projecting more than 25 million hectares of land in the country, an area bigger than the UK, is suitable for production of the plant (Reuters, 2006).
According to research undertaken by GEXSI for the World Wide Fund for Nature, one of the most suitable regions in the country is the island of Java, perfect for Aston Lloyd’s green energy project (GEXSI, Global Market Study on Jatropha, May 2008).

Waterland International
Aston Lloyd Bio-Commodities Ltd has contracted Waterland International, an Indonesian-based management company, with many years experience in jatropha cultivation, as their preferred local partner to oversee the operations of the land.
Michael Lucas, Managing Director of Aston Lloyd, said “A pivotal factor in achieving good yields is experienced hands-on management, something which we have locked-in with this locally-based management company in Java. We have drawn expertise from managers, scientists, agronomists, and jatropha specialists in Waterland International who are currently supervising 72,000 hectares of jatropha in the same region as our land.”
Waterland International employs an in-house agricultural technology enterprise that has developed high-yielding jatropha plants which give a superior yield and oil content. This is a result of more than six years of research and development with patented planting material and seeds capable of producing 6-12 tonnes of fruit per hectare and 2 tonnes of biofuel. The jatropha plants also keep the soil clear of toxicity. Waterland International are also unique in the industry in that they use pruning technics three times a year in the first two years, creating a higher yield and assisting strong plant growth.
They are a leader in jatropha research and development in Asia, and have successfully developed first class research and technology bases in Indonesia, Germany, the Netherlands, India, Vietnam and Malaysia that accelerate commercialisation of next generation biofuels and renewable power generation.
Waterland International environmental and social commitment gives access to large scale reforestation projects in excess of several hundred thousand hectares all across Asia. Waterland International is focused and dedicated to growing high-yielding jatropha biofuel on an industrial scale and at competitive cost to meet ever increasing international demand for sustainable, renewable, non-food biofuel stocks.
Waterland International follows the S.E.E.D principle throughout its jatropha operations:
Social sustainability
 Alleviating poverty
 Creating large scale rural employment
 Improving quality of life for local communities
 Funding local schools and hospitals
 Enabling farmers to qualify for governmental funding to build their own home, lifting them above the poverty line
Economic sustainability
 Attractive economics and returns based on high performing plants and product quality
 Commercialization of jatropha plantations in locations that meet optimized climatic, agronomic and logistic conditions
 Only credible non-food biofuel plants, low-cost and efficient
Environmental sustainability
 Supporting biodiversity and ecological balance
 Protecting natural resources and tropical rainforests
 Mitigating slash-and-burn farming in ASEAN countries
 Promoting environmental conservation
 Using every bit of the plant for minimal waste
Developmental sustainability
 Stimulating rural economic development and growth
 Converting marginal lands into thriving plantations
 Strengthening of rural infrastructure
 Rural electrification and decentralized power generation
 Favourable energy balance
Waterland International successes
Waterland International is a global alternative energy company who has a long track record of success with jatropha. They have negotiated strategic off-take agreements with key industry players to secure the market introduction of the products. Further successes include:
• An Australian company who partnered with Waterland International with a jatropha plantation in Asia. This company is producing jatropha one year earlier than planned and has been so successful that they are now listed on the Australian Stock Exchange
• Development of a renewable energy and biomass power plant in Brussels, Belgium. The plant is powered by jatropha oil directly from Waterland Internationals in Indonesia with 85% efficiency and 90% power availability

• Waterland International’s affiliated company has supplied jatropha oil for a power plant in the Dutch seaport of Delfzijl, the first unit of which will have capacity of 0.2 million tons per annum. This will start production on the 1st April and will be completely powered by jatropha.
Aston Lloyd is confident its partnership with Waterland International will lead to success both in generating high returns and mitigating climate change. Whilst Waterland International are our preferred management company, as part of the project investors are free to have their land farmed by a jatropha planting company of their choosing.

JATROPHA JMAX100

SG Biofuels is bringing the opportunities of Jatropha to reality through an integrated portfolio of elite region-specific cultivars and advanced plantation development services. Featuring the industry’s most advanced breeding and genetics program, the JMax Jatropha Optimization Platform will enable the production of high-quality, sustainable Jatropha crude oil at a cost of approximately $1.00 per gallon.



JMax 100
JMax 100 is a proprietary cultivar of Jatropha optimized for growing conditions in Guatemala with yields 100 percent greater than existing varieties.
JMax 100 increases the profitability of Jatropha to greater than $1,000 per hectare -- more than 300 percent above existing commercial varieties. This equates to more than 800 gallons per hectare at $1.39 per gallon, enabling the large-scale growth of the nation’s renewable fuel industry and development opportunities for community farmers, plantation developers and renewable energy investors.
JMax Jatropha Optimization Platform

The JMax Jatropha Optimization Platform provides growers and plantation developers with access to the highest yielding and most profitable Jatropha in the world, the sequenced Jatropha genome and advanced biotech and synthetic biology tools to develop superior cultivars specifically optimized for their unique growing conditions.

The JMax platform draws on more than three years of research and the strength of the SG Biofuels Genetic Resource Center (GRC), featuring the largest and most diverse library of Jatropha genetic material in the world.

The SG Biofuels GRC contains over 6,000 unique accessions and an unprecedented array of Jatropha genetic traits including enhanced fruit yield, pest resistance, soil adaptation, improved flowering capabilities, uniformity and improved harvesting, all of which increase profitability per acre.
By using the best material and developing custom cultivars, JMax eliminates the risks associated with planting existing commercial varieties of Jatropha.
The JMax platform includes:
• Establishment of a Jatropha Technology Center or “JTC”- an on-site test plantation of several thousand Jatropha accessions from the SG Biofuels GRC.
• Access to the Jatropha genome sequence to accelerate the development process of specific traits.
• Access to SG Biofuels’ plant science team to optimize the selection, breeding, and agronomic optimization program tailored to specific regional growing conditions.
• A custom crop improvement program tailored to specific climatic, soil and growing conditions to optimize both the yield and profit per acre.
Varietal Innovation Program (VIP)
The Varietal Innovation Program (VIP) is designed for customers seeking to develop the best results from their own genetic material. The program leverages the expertise and resources of the company’s industry-leading science team to layer advanced genetics and molecular biology on existing breeding and development activities.
The VIP service offering includes the offerings of the JMax platform excluding our genetic material:
• Access to SG Biofuels’ plant science team to optimize the selection, breeding, and agronomic optimization program tailored to specific regional growing conditions.
• Molecular marker development to identify key traits or characteristics.
• Marker assisted selection to advance the most promising varietals.
• Varietal validation to confirm source of material or identify variation or mixtures.
• On-site breeding services.
Plantation Development Service (PDS)
SG Biofuels’ Plantation Development Service (PDS) combines over 100 years of research expertise in plant biology and over 24 years of combined experience in plantation development, management and agronomic best practices in Latin America to optimize the profitability of Jatropha plantations. SG Biofuels provides a fully integrated program that brings deep expertise to all phases including feasibility studies, harvest, crushing, and sale and delivery of the crude oil to refining partners.
The Plantation Development Service (PDS) platform includes:
• Plantation feasibility study.
• Mass propagation to quickly introduce elite lines of Jatropha at scale.
• Nursery establishment & seedling delivery.
• Best practice consultation.
• Plantation development.
• Plantation management.
• Downstream supply chain development and management.
o Crude oil processing
o Unique off-take agreements
o Harvesting
o Seed processing and handling
Maximizing Jatropha: The Science Behind JMax
Molecular genetic analyses on Jatropha curcas indicate that its genetic diversity is extremely limited among collections from India and Africa, where most of the existing commercial Jatropha material originates. Evidence suggests that the material that has populated Africa and India is likely to have come from one or a few introductions of the plant some 300 years ago by Portuguese sailors who brought it from Central America, the center of origin for this species of Jatropha. These introductions were typically made based on the plant’s purported medicinal qualities and its ability to grow well as a hedge crop, not on its productivity as an energy crop.

Most early investments in Jatropha focused not on the genetic improvement of the crop, but rather on the planting of cultivars that had not gone through an extensive domestication program. Early growers of Jatropha have been disappointed in yields, because no attention was made to proper germplasm selection or proper agronomic trials. More than three years ago, SG Biofuels recognized this mistake and chose to focus on the genetic improvement of the crop. A crop improvement program is a necessary step for the success not only of Jatropha, but any commercial-scale crop. The key foundation of such a program is an extensive and diverse library of genetic material.

Drawing from the Center of Origin – The Value of Germplasm

The center of origin for a plant represents the part of the world where one can find the greatest genetic variation. This is where evolution has had the most time to push the crop to adapt to a variety of environmental extremes. The center of origin for Jatropha is an area stretching from Southern Mexico into Central America. SG Biofuels has developed the world’s largest and most diverse library of Jatropha genetic material, including more than 6,000 accessions of J. curcas collected from the center of origin, in addition to varieties that have migrated over time to the far reaches of the world. The company’s Genetic Resource Center (GRC) includes two locations in Guatemala (one in wet conditions and one in dry) as well as facilities in San Diego, Calif., where we are using this vast array of genetic diversity to develop J. curcas cultivars that are specifically adapted to a range of growing conditions.

• The SG Biofuels GRC contains an unprecedented array of Jatropha genetic traits including enhanced fruit yield, pest resistance, soil adaptation, improved flowering capabilities, uniformity and improved harvesting, all of which increase the profitability per acre of the crop.
• Through a combination of traditional breeding techniques and the use of biotechnology and synthetic biology tools, our program is quickly identifying and developing the most productive, adapted strains from our library. Molecular diversity in our GRC has been assessed using SSR markers and CAPS markers.
• The GRC includes a number of early-stage cultivars that are producing seed yields well in excess of 100 percent the yields of commercially available sources of J. curcas.
• Our ability to test material in a range of conditions, including both wet and dry, confirms that Jatropha needs to be adapted and optimized for particular growing regions. What grows in one area will not necessary grow well in another. This reality has played a major role in Jatropha’s variable and inconsistent productivity.
• SG Biofuels’ program is led by an industry-leading team including three members of the National Academy of Sciences, the highest honor in the field. Collectively, the team has more than 100 years experience in plant molecular biology and has published hundreds of research articles in the areas of plant molecular genetics, plant physiology, plant development and plant biotechnology, genomics and bioinformatics.

Life Technologies Corporation – Accelerating the Development Process

SG Biofuels has formed an alliance with Life Technologies Corporation, a leading provider of advanced biotechnology and synthetic biology tools. Those tools, combined with SG Biofuels’ extensive DNA library, forms the industry’s most advanced Jatropha genetic program and the ability to significantly accelerate the process of identifying and developing key traits. The partnership includes sequencing the Jatropha curcas genome, allowing for the rapid introduction of region-specific cultivars and new commercial traits targeted toward increasing yield and profitability.

The JMax Jatropha Optimization Platform

The JMax Jatropha Optimization Platform draws from more than three years of research, the world’s largest and most diverse library of DNA, an industry-leading science team and the resources of Life Technologies to overcome the initial challenges faced by Jatropha growers. The first result of the JMax platform is JMax 100, the world’s first elite cultivar optimized specifically for growing conditions in Guatemala.

The JMax platform provides growers, research agencies and plantation developers with access to the highest yielding and most profitable Jatropha in the world, the sequenced Jatropha genome and advanced biotech and synthetic biology tools to develop superior cultivars specifically optimized for their unique growing conditions. The JMax Jatropha Optimization Platform includes:

• Establishment of a Jatropha Technology Center or “JTC” – an on-site test plantation of several thousand Jatropha accessions from the SG Biofuels germplasm library.
• Access to the Jatropha genome sequence to accelerate the development process of specific traits.
• Access to SG Biofuels’ plant science team to optimize the selection, breeding, and agronomic optimization program tailored to specific regional climactic and soil growing conditions.
• A custom crop improvement program tailored to specific climatic, soil and growing conditions to optimize both the yield and profit per acre.

By using the best material and advanced biotechnology resources, JMax significantly accelerates and improves the development process and eliminates the risks associated with planting existing commercial varieties of Jatropha.

Jarak Pagar - Jatropha Curcas

PENGENALAN JARAK PAGAR
Jarak atau nama ilmiahnya Jatropha Curcas merupakan tanaman yang dapat menghasilkan minyak yang bisa dijadikan biodiesel untuk keprluan mesin dan bahan bakan kendaraan bermotor. Jarak mempunyai keistimewaan-keistimewaan sebagai berikut:
1.       Bisa menghasilkan minyak dengan rendemen sampai 35%
2.       Sangat sesuai dengan iklim tropis sperti Indonesia
3.       Dapat tumbuh dengan cepat dimana 6 bulan sudah mulai berbuah dan menghasilkan dan pada usia ke 5 produksi stabil sampai 45 tahun
4.       Perawatan mudah dan jauh dari gangguan hama
5.       Jarak dapat hidup lebih dari 45 tahun Apabila dirawat dan dipelihara dengan baik secara teiliti dipangkas dengan baik akan menghasilkan buah yang lebih banyak
6.       Satu buah jarak menghasilkan 3 atau 4 biji satu batang akan mengasilkan 10 – 12 Kg per batang per tahun
7.       Satu ha bisa ditanami dengan konfigurasi 2x2 sebanyak 2500 batang, 1.5x1.5 sebanyak 3300 batang dengan hasil rata-rata 30 ton per ha.

KELEBIHAN TANANAM
Penanaman pohon jarak sangat sesuai dilakukan oleh semua umur, karena proses pengerjaan dan perwatan sangat mudah. Disamping itu, bias ditanami tanaman selingan seperti Cabe, Jagung, Kacang Tanah dan sebagainya. Pohon ini juga sebagai tanaman peneduh bagi tanaman lainnya.

POLA PENANAMAN
Proyek Penanaman Jarak Pagar ini mendorong keikutsertaan masyarakat yang memiliki lahan menganggur dan terbiarkan atau lahan yang tidak produktif. Proses penyertaan pemilik tanah yang berminat untuk menanam pohon jarak dibawah program ini adalah sebagai berikut:
1.       Pola Tanam Bagi Hasil
2.       Pola Tanam Individu
3.       Pola Tanam Berkelompok
Di bawah pengelolaan perkebunan yang tepat dan iklim tanaman yang baik  akan mencapai hasil sebagai berikut:
Tahun  1 - 3kg per pohon
Tahun  2 - 6kg per pohon
Tahun  3 - 9kg per pohon
Tahun  4 - 10-12kg per pohon
Tahun  5 - 10-15kg per pohon


Informasi lebih lanjut hubungi kami:
PT RIAUJAYA MANDIRI
Jalan Bandung No.15 Asratek Padang
Telp.: 0751 40061 Fax. 0751 40461
Hp. 081287801169 Mr.Alfiandi

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Jatropha

About Jatrooil
Most of the world's biofuel feedstocks compete with resources that could also be used for food production. Jatropha is a second generation feedstock that can be grown economically, without irrigation, on land that is unsuitable for the cultivation of food crops alone. Jatropha can represent a valuable income source in developing countries, helping to increase energy security and improving the living standards of rural communities.
Jatrooil's commitment to social and environmental sustainability is supported by its partnerships with local established companies to leverage networks and knowledge and by its relationships with farmer co-operatives. Jatrooil also has forged partnerships with a number of experts to ensure the application of leading industry practices, and with non-government/aid organisations to ensure probity in our operations.
Jartooil is also committed to developing economically sustainable businesses. All parties, from farmers and local communities to our shareholders, must benefit economically from our businesses, even in a low energy price environment. Only long term economic sustainability realises long term social and environmental benefits.

The Product

Most of the world’s biofuel is produced using edible oils such as rapeseed, soybean and palm as a feedstock. This practice is of wide concern because it contributes to price escalation of associated food products and criticism that biodiesel production competes with food production for valuable fertile farming land. Jatoil addresses this issue by growing the second generation, non-edible seed oil crop jatropha curcas on land that is unused or unsuitable for food crops.
Jatropha is a hardy bush, able to grow in areas with poor soils and low rainfall. It has grown across Asia for many years and has been used as a natural hedge and for producing traditional medicines. At present there are few large-scale commercial operations involving jatropha, although there is growing commercial interest. The plant can produce commercial seed yields within two years of planting. It reaches maturity in 4-5 years and is usually productive for at least 30 years. When ripe, the fruit is collected by hand and the seeds are separated from the fruit. The residual fruit biomass can be used as an organic crop fertiliser. The seeds, with an oil content of up to 40 per cent, are then pressed to extract the oil, leaving a residue or oil seedcake. The seedcake is valuable as a fuel for domestic or export markets. After filtration, the crude jatropha oil is suitable for processing into biodiesel that complies with European and US standards.
Estimates of oil yield from jatropha vary depending on plant genetics and growing conditions. Under rain-fed conditions, yields in excess of 12 t/ha. Current breeding programs aim to improve oil yield beyond this level.